diff --git a/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h b/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
index 214b2912..d965e108 100644
--- a/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
+++ b/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
@@ -117,9 +117,7 @@ GMOCK_DEFINE_DEFAULT_ACTION_FOR_RETURN_TYPE_(void, );  // NOLINT
 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 GMOCK_DEFINE_DEFAULT_ACTION_FOR_RETURN_TYPE_(::string, "");
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 GMOCK_DEFINE_DEFAULT_ACTION_FOR_RETURN_TYPE_(::std::string, "");
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 GMOCK_DEFINE_DEFAULT_ACTION_FOR_RETURN_TYPE_(bool, false);
 GMOCK_DEFINE_DEFAULT_ACTION_FOR_RETURN_TYPE_(unsigned char, '\0');
 GMOCK_DEFINE_DEFAULT_ACTION_FOR_RETURN_TYPE_(signed char, '\0');
diff --git a/include/gmock/gmock-printers.h b/include/gmock/gmock-printers.h
index 9f024d0c..cda3545a 100644
--- a/include/gmock/gmock-printers.h
+++ b/include/gmock/gmock-printers.h
@@ -409,12 +409,10 @@ inline void PrintTo(const ::string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 void PrintStringTo(const ::std::string&s, ::std::ostream* os);
 inline void PrintTo(const ::std::string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
   PrintStringTo(s, os);
 }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 
 // Overloads for ::wstring and ::std::wstring.
 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
diff --git a/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h b/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
index 649f838f..27b67a5c 100644
--- a/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
+++ b/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
@@ -198,10 +198,8 @@ struct CompileAssert {
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 typedef ::string string;
-#elif GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
-typedef ::std::string string;
 #else
-#error "Google Mock requires ::std::string to compile."
+typedef ::std::string string;
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
diff --git a/src/gmock-printers.cc b/src/gmock-printers.cc
index 8efba782..fd7d3055 100644
--- a/src/gmock-printers.cc
+++ b/src/gmock-printers.cc
@@ -296,11 +296,9 @@ void PrintStringTo(const ::string& s, ostream* os) {
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 void PrintStringTo(const ::std::string& s, ostream* os) {
   PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
 }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 
 // Prints a ::wstring object.
 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
diff --git a/test/gmock-actions_test.cc b/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
index 1be4a16c..ea3c3100 100644
--- a/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
+++ b/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
@@ -165,9 +165,7 @@ TEST(BuiltInDefaultValueTest, IsEmptyStringForString) {
   EXPECT_EQ("", BuiltInDefaultValue< ::string>::Get());
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
   EXPECT_EQ("", BuiltInDefaultValue< ::std::string>::Get());
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 }
 
 // Tests that BuiltInDefaultValue<T>::Exists() returns true when T is a
@@ -177,9 +175,7 @@ TEST(BuiltInDefaultValueTest, ExistsForString) {
   EXPECT_TRUE(BuiltInDefaultValue< ::string>::Exists());
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
   EXPECT_TRUE(BuiltInDefaultValue< ::std::string>::Exists());
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 }
 
 // Tests that BuiltInDefaultValue<const T>::Get() returns the same
diff --git a/test/gmock-printers_test.cc b/test/gmock-printers_test.cc
index e1956202..abfa923c 100644
--- a/test/gmock-printers_test.cc
+++ b/test/gmock-printers_test.cc
@@ -560,7 +560,6 @@ TEST(PrintStringTest, StringInGlobalNamespace) {
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 // ::std::string.
 TEST(PrintStringTest, StringInStdNamespace) {
   const char s[] = "'\"\?\\\a\b\f\n\0\r\t\v\x7F\xFF a";
@@ -568,7 +567,6 @@ TEST(PrintStringTest, StringInStdNamespace) {
   EXPECT_EQ("\"'\\\"\\?\\\\\\a\\b\\f\\n\\0\\r\\t\\v\\x7F\\xFF a\\0\"",
             Print(str));
 }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
 
 // Tests printing ::wstring and ::std::wstring.